🌿 Rosemary

Salvia rosmarinus (formerly Rosmarinus officinalis)
herbs Perennial woody shrub
Illustration of Rosemary
☀️ Sun
Full sun; 6-8 hours minimum. Essential for oil production.
💧 Water
Drought-tolerant once established. Water deeply but infrequently. Overwatering is the #1 killer.
🗺️ Zones
USDA zones 7-10 (some cold-hardy varieties to zone 6)
🪴 Soil Type
Very well-draining, sandy soil; pH 6.0-7.5. Does NOT tolerate wet feet. Add sand/perlite for drainage.
🧪 Soil pH
6.0-8.0 (prefers alkaline, well-drained, sandy soil; excellent drainage essential)
📏 Spacing
24-36 inches apart (grows into large shrub)
📐 Height
2-6 feet depending on variety
📅 Days to Maturity
Can harvest lightly first year; full harvest from year 2 onward

🍴 Edible Parts

🍽️ ["Leaves"🍽️ "Flowers"]

🤝 Companions (6)

Both Mediterranean herbs with identical growing needs; combined pest deterrence.
Shared dry, sunny growing conditions; complementary aromatic pest protection.
🤝 Beans
Rosemary repels bean beetles and other pests.
🤝 Carrots
Repels carrot rust fly.
🤝 Cabbage/Brassicas
Repels cabbage moths and loopers.
Natural companions in Mediterranean herb gardens; combined pest repellent effect.

⚠️ Keep Apart (3)

Basil needs more water than rosemary; different growing requirements.
⚠️ Potatoes
Rosemary can inhibit potato growth through root competition.
⚠️ Cucumbers
Cucumbers need much more water; rosemary's dry preference conflicts.

💊 Medicinal Uses

{"conditions_treated": ["Cognitive decline and poor memory (nootropic effects \u2014 backed by research)", "Poor circulation and cold extremities", "Headaches and migraines (especially tension headaches)", "Digestive sluggishness and liver congestion", "Muscle pain, rheumatism, and neuralgia", "Anxiety, depression, and mental fatigue", "Hair loss and scalp conditions (stimulates circulation)", "Respiratory congestion"], "preparation_methods": ["Memory tea: 1 tsp dried rosemary steeped 10 minutes; combine with lemon balm and sage for cognitive support", "Rosemary hair rinse: Strong infusion used as final hair rinse for dark hair and scalp health", "Infused oil: Rosemary in olive oil for aching muscles and joints; massage into temples for headache", "Tincture: 1:5 in 45% alcohol; 2-4ml 2-3x daily for circulation and cognitive support", "Aromatherapy: Essential oil diffused for mental clarity and memory during study/work", "Bath: Strong infusion or few drops essential oil in bath for muscle pain", "Rosemary wine: Historically, leaves steeped in wine as circulatory tonic"], "active_compounds": ["1,8-cineole", "Rosmarinic acid", "Carnosic acid", "Carnosol", "\u03b1-pinene"], "toxicity_warnings": "Safe in culinary amounts. Avoid medicinal doses during pregnancy (may stimulate uterine contractions). Essential oil can cause skin irritation if undiluted. May interact with blood pressure and diabetes medications. Do not ingest essential oil in large quantities \u2014 can cause kidney damage, seizures."}

📜 History & Traditional Uses

{"medieval": "Symbol of remembrance \u2014 used at weddings and funerals. Burned in sickrooms as fumigant during plague. Strewn in courts of law for protection. 'Rosemary for remembrance' \u2014 Ophelia in Hamlet.", "ancient": "Greek scholars wore rosemary garlands during exams for memory. Ancient Egyptians placed rosemary in tombs. Romans used it extensively in medicine and cooking.", "folk_medicine": "Used to 'comfort the brain' and strengthen memory. Hungarian Queen of Hungary's Water (14th c.) \u2014 rosemary-based cosmetic that allegedly restored youth. Traditional remedy for 'cold' conditions \u2014 poor circulation, cold hands/feet, sluggish digestion."}