🌿 Tarragon

Artemisia dracunculus (French tarragon — the culinary/medicinal type); Artemisia dracunculoides (Russian tarragon — inferior)
herbs Perennial herb
Illustration of Tarragon
☀️ Sun
Full sun to partial shade; 5-6 hours minimum.
💧 Water
Allow soil to dry between watering. Drought-tolerant. Overwatering kills tarragon.
🗺️ Zones
USDA zones 4-8 as perennial — requires winter dormancy. Not suited for zones 9+ (no winter chill).
🪴 Soil Type
Well-draining, moderately rich; pH 6.5-7.5. Sandy loam ideal. Does NOT tolerate wet feet.
🧪 Soil pH
6.5-7.5 (prefers well-drained, slightly alkaline; French tarragon dislikes wet soil)
📏 Spacing
18-24 inches apart
📐 Height
18-36 inches
📅 Days to Maturity
Light harvest 3-4 months from transplant; full harvest year 2

🍴 Edible Parts

🍽️ ["Leaves"🍽️ "Stems (young)"]

🤝 Companions (3)

Tarragon is said to improve eggplant growth and flavor.
🤝 Most vegetables
Tarragon is generally a good companion; its strong scent repels many pests.
Combined pest-deterrent effect; complementary growing needs.

⚠️ Keep Apart (2)

⚠️ None strongly documented
Tarragon is generally compatible, though it needs well-draining soil — avoid wet-loving companions.
⚠️ Dill (controversial)
Some sources suggest incompatible aromatic profiles; evidence is mixed.

💊 Medicinal Uses

{"conditions_treated": ["Digestive sluggishness and poor appetite (bitter tonic \u2014 stimulates digestive secretions)", "Insomnia (mild sedative \u2014 traditional use)", "Toothache (traditional anesthetic \u2014 chewing leaves numbs the mouth)", "Intestinal parasites (traditional vermifuge)", "Menstrual cramps and irregular cycles (emmenagogue)", "Water retention (mild diuretic)", "Scurvy (vitamin C source \u2014 historical use on long sea voyages)"], "preparation_methods": ["Digestive vinegar: Tarragon infused in white wine vinegar \u2014 a classic French 'vinaigre \u00e0 l'estragon'; 1 tsp before meals as appetite stimulant", "Tea: 1 tsp dried tarragon steeped 5-10 min; for digestive sluggishness and as a sleep aid", "Tincture: 1:5 in 45% alcohol; 1-2ml before meals for digestive stimulation", "Chewing leaves: Fresh leaf chewed for toothache (numbing effect)", "Tarragon butter: Finely chopped in butter \u2014 culinary medicine for digestive support"], "active_compounds": ["Estragole (methyl chavicol)", "Ocimene", "Phellandrene", "Flavonoids", "Coumarins"], "toxicity_warnings": "Contains estragole \u2014 a potential carcinogen in very high isolated doses. Normal culinary use is considered safe. Avoid long-term high-dose medicinal use. Avoid medicinal doses during pregnancy (emmenagogue and estragole concerns). May interact with blood thinners (coumarins). Russian tarragon has minimal medicinal value."}

📜 History & Traditional Uses

{"medieval": "Called 'little dragon' (dracunculus) \u2014 believed to cure dragon bites and snake venom (Doctrine of Signatures \u2014 the coiled root resembled a dragon/serpent). Used in medieval monastery gardens.", "ancient": "Used by ancient Greeks and Romans for snakebite and as an anesthetic. Pliny noted tarragon prevented fatigue \u2014 travelers placed sprigs in their shoes.", "folk_medicine": "French folk medicine uses tarragon as a digestive bitter and appetite stimulant. Used to treat 'lazy stomach.' Tarragon vinegar is a traditional European digestive tonic. Russian tarragon used as a cheap substitute but lacks medicinal potency."}